URBANISATION

(the increasing percentage of people living in towns and cities)

• Causes  
• Characteristics
• Consequences
• Planning and management issues

India - Cities are the future? 31% of India's population currently live in urban areas - this is projected to rise rapidly by 2030 - find the interactive map in this link to see the changes from 2008 to 2030. The major industrial hubs

Mumbai, India

. -( Google Earth)

life in Mumbai - short BBC clip

Use the information from pages 136 to 140 in Smith + Knill the links below and the powerpoint in this folder to create your case study of Urbanisation  (lots on coolgeography too)

Focus on the Causes, Characteristics and Consequences - use these as your subheadings. 

Causes of urbanisation in Mumbai

1. watch this clip and read p 136 too - what can you find out about its SITE and the role of the British?  Industrial growth.

2.Sort out these PUSH and PULL factors

3, There are three spatial scales involved in encouraging urbanisation - The emergence of the global economy, at a national level the shift from primary to secondary and tertiary industry and then there are local factors that determine if urbanisation will flourish - SEE WITHERICK page 21 - add examples relating to India and Mumbai to create your own version of Figure 14. 

The Characteristics of urbanisation in Mumbai

watch this BBC clip .

• The growth of its functions from a sea port and textiles manufacturing centre to the financial hub of India
• Its growing population (UN estimate of 20million, Indian 2011 Census 18.4million)
• Rural-urban migration and the characteristics of migrants... (S+K p138)
• Rate of growth and The growth pattern - urban sprawl and the growth of the suburbs (see powerpoint slides)
• The growth of squatter settlements and the pressures on infrastructure...

The Effects of urbanisation in Mumbai

watch this first - be brave! Kevin McCloud - Slumming It - an insight into life in Dharavi WATCH

Examine the effects of urbanisation in Mumbai (10) 

Use these links and your textbook - classify the effects so that your response is clearly structured - environmental, socio-economic, political, positive, negative.. ( a suggested approach here)

Consider:

• Challenge of the site
• Land values
• Growth of squatter settlements
• Suburbanisation
• Flood risk
• Availability and pressure on  infrastructure - e.g. water supply, sanitation, waste disposal...
• Provision of services - health, education...
• employment opportunities (note - formal vs informal sector) 

Read this overview of the problems Mumbai faces - find some useful facts!

Problems in Mumbai -

Transport - 7.5 million passengers a day - the most overcrowded system in the world! 

 the impact of the monsoon, the redvelopment of Dharavi - and an insight into life in Asia's largest slum.- listen and look at this! and...

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7265333.stm

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/mumbai-pt-2-3/5913.html

A consequence of continuing urbanisation is 

Suburbanisation - it  is also happening in the LEDW - Mumbai - use this in conjunction with the article on Suburbanisation in Mumbai and powerpoint

Managing the urbanisation process...

Because urban growth has been so rapid in many of the world's developing cities it has created issues such as pressure on infrastructure,  industry and employment, transport, then environment and, of course, housing...

We will focus on Mumbai and some of its key problems:

• Space for economic development
• Housing provision
• Improving infrastructure
• Environmental issues
  

Some KEY FACTS to get started!

The plans for Dharavi and associated conflicts - a short clip that sets the scene for the redevelopment of Dharavi - watch  

THEN COMPLETE THIS TASK

• What do you know about Dharavi - size, land area, industrial revenue, location.
• What are the proposals for Dharavi and why?
• Who are the stakeholders?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of the redevelopment?
  

and watch this too - 2012 plans still controversial

Dharavi plans - go ahead? finally?

More examples of management projects from the Mumbai Metropolitain Regional Development Authority MMRDA

There are lots more cities!!  e.g. Delhi  Nairobi - some facts on Kibera here

NOW write the answer to the question - Discuss the planning and management issues that have arisen in areas that have undergone urbanisation in recent years. (10)